Search query language in Semantrum
The Search query language is used in Semantrum to:
- searching in Semantrum,
- creating topics in Semantrum,
- autotag generation.
Searching in headlines and text of publications
In Semantrum it is possible to specify in which part of the publication words or phrases are searched, only in headlines or only in publications.
| Operator meaning | Operator | Description of usage | Case | Result |
| Search in the title of the publication | title: | Used when the word or phrase should only be searched in the titles of articles and not in the whole text. After this operator you can specify a query of any complexity using other operators without spaces. | title:word or title:(word1|word2) | Publications with a specified word in their titles or publications with at least one of the specified words in their titles are found |
| Search only in the text of the publication | text: | Used when a word or phrase is only to be searched in article texts. After this operator without spaces you can specify a query of any complexity using other operators. | text:word or text:(word1|word2) | Publications with the specified word in their text or publications with at least one of the specified words in their text are found |
As a default, if these operators are not used, both titles and texts are searched. You can also use these operators only for part of the query. Read more about searching keywords in the titles of publications.
How to manage word endings or word changes
Semantrum automatically detects word endings in the search. The system finds the same word with a different ending. However, you can specify from where you want include variable letters and the number of these letters by yourself.
| Operator meaning | Operator | Description of usage | Case | Result |
Word truncation | * | Used when you want to search for different word forms in a stable phrase or in a word, it can contain up to 4 letters instead of the * symbol. | "word1* word2" or word* | Texts with words in exactly the same order will be found, the first word may have different word forms, and the second will be only in the given form or a word with 4 liters instead of *. |
| Exact spelling of the word | ] | This is used when you want to find texts with this word spelling, without any changes. | word] | You will find texts containing the word in this exact spelling, but not texts where the word is used exclusively in other word forms; if you search for a word combination in inverted commas, you do not need to use the square bracket, because words in inverted commas are searched exclusively in their exact spelling, unless otherwise specified. |
| Maximum number of characters after ] | ]N | Used when you want to limit the number of characters that can be after ] N can be a number from 1 to 9. | word]3 or "word1]5 word2” | You will find texts where the word will have three more any characters at the end of the word, or a phrase in which the first word has up to 5 any letters instead of the symbols ]5. |
If there is no ]N or * operator next to a word, the system searches for the word with a different ending, but the ending cannot be longer than 4 letters. Queries for word, word* and word]4 will produce the same results.
You should use the * symbol to indicate the word ending where you know exactly which letter the ending starts from, and in the middle of quotes ( quotes mean an exact match to the search query).
Use ]N when you want to determine the length of a word that is shorter than 4 letters (e.g. in abbreviations, if the abbreviation is the same as the beginning of a word) or longer than 4 letters (if you want to determine not only endings, but possibly other common word roots as well). How to consider different word endings.
Operators AND, OR, NOT
In Semantrum you can specify links between keywords. You can specify words or phrases that should appear together in the same text (AND operator). You can specify words or phrases, at least one of which must occur in the publication (OR operator). You can specify words or phrases that should not occur together with the keyword in the publication (operator NOT).
| Operator meaning | Operator | Description of usage | Case | Result |
| AND | space or & | Allows you to combine words or phrases together so they are mentioned at the same time in the text. The search is done throughout the text. A space between words is the same as the & operator. | word1 word2 word1&word2 (these queries are the same) | You will find texts in which both words are necessarily included, but not always next to each other. |
| OR | | | Used for searches with several variants of the required information, when at least one of the specified words or phrases must be present | word1|word2|word3 | You will find texts that have all three words, or any two, or at least one of these words. |
| NOT | ! | Used when you want to search for texts with missing words or phrases. This operator is used only after the words or phrases you are searching for. A search query cannot start with this operator. | word1!word2 | You will find texts that have word1 but are not word2. Word2 is also known as a stop word. |
These operators can be used either between separate words and phrases as well as between larger parts of queries. For proper usage of complex queries, the logical parts of a query must be correctly separated by using brackets. Learn more about using AND and OR operators. Learn more about excluding keywords from the search (stop words).
Word grouping, word and phrase searching
| Operator meaning | Operator | Description of usage | Case | Result |
| Grouping words | ( ) | Used when you want to group words that can have the operators | & ! applied to them as a whole. | (word1|word2)&(word3|word4) | You will find texts that have all four words, or the first two and any one of the second pair of words, or both words of the second pair of words and any single word of the first pair, or any single word of the first pair of words and any single word of the other pair. All words can be in different word forms. |
| Combining words in the specified order | "" | Used to search for words next to each other in the specified order and in the same spelling. | "word1 word2" | You will find texts containing exactly the same words in the given order and spelling. Inside quotes the system does not automatically count endings, so if you need to consider them, use * or ]N. |
The distance between words in a word combination with exact word order | ~N | Used when you want to determine the maximum distance between words in a phrase with a given word order. N can have a value from 1 to 9. Applies only after the words in quotation marks, without space or other characters between quotes and ~N. Usage without specifying the number of missing words gives the same result as normal quotes. | "word1 word2"~3 | You will find texts in which phrase with exactly word order and exactly spelling is found, but there can be any three other words in between. Use * or ]N to consider word endings. |
| Changing the word order in a stable phrase | @ | Use when you want to find a stable word combination that may have a different word order. Used only after the words in quotation marks, without space or other symbols between quotes and @. | “word1 word2″@ | You will find texts in which variants of the phrases "word1 word2" or "word2 word1" are found. Use * or ]N to consider word endings. |
Distance between words in a word combination with different word order | @N | Used when you want to specify the maximum possible distance (missing words) between words in a phrase, at which the word order can change. N can have a value from 1 to 9. Applies only after words in inverted commas, without spaces or other symbols between the quotes and @. | “word1 word2″@4 | You will find texts that contain word combinations with any word order and in this exact spelling, but there can be up to four more words in between. Use * or ]N to consider word endings. |
Parentheses should be used to build complex queries to highlight the logical parts of the query. The placement of brackets can affect the final result of complex queries. Read more about combining and crossing keywords.
Please note:
- If you are using a long phrase for your search (e.g. the title of an article), make sure that it does not contain extra symbols, such as commas, full stops, exclamation points and questions. Characters that should be removed from the search query: ! , . ; ? =#№$/\
- The letter case does not have any effect on queries. So queries Kyiv and the kyiv will be exactly the same.
Enjoy using the Semantrum system!
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